(Sunday, 7/14/2019) 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Room: 225BCD
Purpose: Deep learning offers strong potential for accurate and rapid generation of synthetic CT (synCT) from MRI. However, synCT performance for dosimetric and image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) endpoints needs to be carefully assessed. This work evaluates the performance of a novel generative adversarial network (GAN) synCT to support MR-only brain workflows.
Methods: SynCT images for 11 brain cancer patients (6 radiosurgery, 5 partial brain) were generated from T1-weighted post-gadolinium MR images by applying a GAN model with a residual network (ResNet) generator and a convolutional neural network with 5 convolutional layers as the discriminator that classified input images as real or synthetic. Following rigid registration, clinical structures and plans derived from simulation CT (simCT) images were transferred to synCT images. Dose was recalculated on 13 simCT/synCT pairs using fixed monitor units. 2D gamma analysis (2%/2mm, 3%/1mm) was performed to compare dose distributions at isocenter. Dose metrics (D(95%), D(99%) and D(0.035cc) were assessed for the target and organ at risks (OARs). IGRT performance was evaluated via cone-beam CT to synCT/simCT registrations. For 6 patients, a semi-automated registration program rigidly registered planar KV images to synCT and CT digital reconstructed radiographs (DRRs).
Results: Average 2D gamma analysis passing rates at 3%1mm and 2%2mm were 94.7% and 97.0%, respectively. Excellent agreement in dose metrics (D(95%), D(99%) and D(0.035cc)) were observed (mean difference <0.3 Gy for target and <0.2 Gy for OARs). Registration differences between CBCT/synCT and CBCT/simCT were 0.3±0.4, 0.3±0.3, and 0.4±0.4 mm in left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP), and superior-inferior (SI) directions, respectively. Registering orthogonal kV images to synCT/simCT DRRs yielded average shifts of 0.3±0.4, 0.2±0.2, and 0.2±0.3 mm in LR, AP and SI directions, respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, our novel brain GAN synCT demonstrated excellent performance for dosimetric and IGRT endpoints, offering potential for implementation in high precision treatments such as radiosurgery.
Funding Support, Disclosures, and Conflict of Interest: The submitting institution holds research agreements with Philips Healthcare, ViewRay, Inc., and Modus Medical. Research partially supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01CA204189. Additionally, this work was partially supported by US National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant CNS-1637312.
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