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  4. A Multi-Observer Study Investigating the Effectiveness of Prostatic MpMRI to Dose Escalate Corresponding Histologic Lesions Using High Dose Rate Brachytherapy

A Multi-Observer Study Investigating the Effectiveness of Prostatic MpMRI to Dose Escalate Corresponding Histologic Lesions Using High Dose Rate Brachytherapy

C. Smith1*, D. Hoover1,2, K. Surry1,2, D. D'Souza3, D. W. Cool1,3, Z. Kassam1,3, M. Bastian-Jordan4, J. A. Gomez1, M. Moussa1, J. L. Chin3, S. Pautler3, G. S. Bauman1,2,3, A. Ward1,3, (1) University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CA, (2) London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, CA,(3) London Health Sciences Centre,(4) University Of Queensland, Queensland, Australia

Presentations

(Sunday, 7/12/2020)   [Eastern Time (GMT-4)]

Room: AAPM ePoster Library

Purpose: Post-radiotherapy prostate cancer recurrence often occurs at dominant intraprostatic lesions (DILs), motivating focal dose escalation. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has demonstrated potential for DIL localization. We addressed the question: when targeting dose escalation to mpMR-defined DILs, what is the dose to the cancer defined on corresponding histology?

Methods: We registered pathologist annotated prostatectomy mid-gland histology sections from 12 patients to pre-prostatectomy mpMRI scans that were each interpreted by four radiologists. To simulate realistic high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) treatments, we registered each observer’s interpretation of mpMRI to two transrectal ultrasound images of other HDR-BT patients, thus registering mpMRI-defined DILs and underlying cancer histology to treatment plans with a 15-Gy whole-gland prescription. We used a clinical inverse planning system to optimize dwell times for focal dose escalation to 20 Gy for the mpMRI-DILs. We compared the dose that the histopathology would have received if treated with whole-gland treatment plans to the dose that would have been achieved through mpMRI targeting. The histopathology was broken down into two subgroups: high-grade cancer (Gleason 4 or greater) and low-grade cancer (Gleason 3).

Results: We analyzed 212 mpMRI-targeted HDR-BT plans. For high-grade histology the whole-gland plans achieved a median [IQR] D98 dose of 16.93 [15.83-17.71] Gy, while the mpMRI-targeted plans achieved a significantly higher median D98 dose of 18.16 [16.73-19.45] Gy (p = 0.01). Low-grade histology for the whole-gland plans achieved a D98 of 15.26 [14.62-15.76] Gy and the targeted treatment plans achieved 15.36 [14.86-16.23] Gy.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, mpMRI dose escalation does lead to increased dose to the high-grade ground truth histology, but not to low-grade disease, therefore mpMRI lesion-targeted therapy may only be useful for patients who present with high grade cancer and that patients with only low-grade cancer should receive the current clinically standard whole-gland treatment plans.

Funding Support, Disclosures, and Conflict of Interest: Ontario Early Researcher Award (ER15-11-095)

Keywords

Prostate Therapy, HDR, Brachytherapy

Taxonomy

IM/TH- MRI in Radiation Therapy: MRI for treatment planning

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